January 1, 1370Nicole Oresme, Problemata 1 (c. 1370 CE)Around 1370, Oresme cites the Champagne 'shroud' as a clear example of clerical deception in a treatise on mirabilia, showing elite skepticism nearly two decades before the d'Arcis dispute.DocumentHistory
June 19, 1389Legatine Indult of Cardinal Pierre de Thury for Geoffrey II, Lord of Lirey (before 19 June 1389)Cardinal Pierre de Thury, acting as papal legate, grants Geoffrey II permission to reinstall and publicly display at Lirey a figure or representation of the Shroud.DocumentHistory
July 28, 1389Letter of Pope Clement VII to Geoffrey II, Lord of LireyClement VII confirms permission to display the Lirey shroud representation and orders perpetual silence on Bishop Pierre d'Arcis's prohibition.DocumentHistory
August 1, 1389Letter of Pierre d'Arcis, Bishop of Troyes, to Pope Clement VII on the Cloth of Lirey (c. 1389)Bishop Pierre d'Arcis writes to Pope Clement VII challenging the authenticity of the Shroud displayed at Lirey, claiming it was 'cunningly painted.'DocumentHistory
January 6, 1390Bull of Pope Clement VII Regulating the Lirey Shroud ExhibitionsClement VII issues a bull regulating the public display of the Shroud image at Lirey and requiring that it be described as a representation, not the true Shroud.DocumentHistory
January 6, 1390Letter of Pope Clement VII to Pierre d'Arcis, Bishop of TroyesClement VII orders Bishop Pierre d'Arcis to remove obstacles to authorized Lirey exhibitions and warns of excommunication for noncompliance.DocumentHistory
January 6, 1390Letter of Pope Clement VII to the Ecclesiastical Officials of Langres, Autun, and Châlons-sur-MarneClement VII orders the officials of Langres, Autun, and Châlons-sur-Marne to publish and enforce his ruling on the Lirey shroud exhibitions.DocumentHistory
June 1, 1390Indulgence Letter of Pope Clement VII for the Collegiate Church of Our Lady of LireyIndulgence letter of Pope Clement VII for the collegiate church at Lirey, issued June 1 and dispatched June 11, 1390, and repeating the wording of the shroud as a figure or representation.DocumentHistory
July 4, 1901The 1901 Vatican Proceedings on the Shroud of TurinUnder pontifical secrecy, Vatican consultors debated whether the authenticity of the Turin Shroud was established and whether its public veneration could continue.DocumentHistory